General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "since the beginning of the 21st century, global scientific and technological innovation has entered an unprecedentedly intensive and dynamic period. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are reshaping the global innovation landscape and the global economic structure". In order to achieve high-quality economic development, the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Vision For 2035 (hereinafter referred to as the Outline) takes into account the historical trend of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, To develop strategic emerging industries involved in material, manpower, financial resources, platform and systems and mechanisms for system planning, at the same time, through strengthening national strategy of science and technology power to promote economic system upgrade and expand strategic emerging industries, and ultimately built in domestic large cycle as the main body, domestic and international new development pattern of two-cycle promote each other.

Developing strategic emerging industries is the objective requirement of industrial development

The development of technology and industry has its inherent law, and the development of strategic emerging industry is its inevitable result and objective requirement. Each period has a pillar industry based on a particular technology, and these pillar industries are derived from the new industries of the previous era. One of the important ways of technological and industrial breakthrough is to catch up with alternative technologies discovered outside the existing technology route. Such alternative technologies often become strategic emerging technologies. Iterative speed faster since the industrial revolution, industry, technology revolution lasted nearly one hundred years for the first time, the second technological revolution of the monarch lasting for about seventy years, since the second half of the 20th century of industry and information technology revolution lasted less than half a century, and has a large number of new technology to quickly grow up, and in the recent 20 years has formed a tide of new science and technology and industrial revolution. If any economy fails to keep pace with the pace of global industrial metabolism, it is likely to lose its ability to renew rapidly, leading to long-term industrial decline. In short, the industrial development model is always presented as an accelerated iterative process of emerging industries, which requires the development of the current pillar industry on the basis of advance planning for the future of emerging industries.

The fundamental role of strategic emerging industries in building a new development pattern

Strategic emerging industries represent advanced modes of production and have long-term, overall and decisive influence on the quality, structure, scale, speed and efficiency of future industrial development. Facing the uncertainty of the international situation and the increasingly fierce international industrial competition, developing strategic emerging industries has become an important choice to establish an independent and complete industrial chain and build a new development pattern.

The new pattern of development has strengthened the dominant position and leading role of the great domestic cycle, requiring the expansion of domestic demand as a strategic basis and the construction of a complete domestic demand system, which includes all aspects of production, distribution, circulation and consumption. At the same time, it should be combined with deepening supply-side structural reform to create new demand through innovation-driven and high-quality supply. To this end, the domestic great cycle must be based on the domestic "stronger innovation, higher added value, more safe and reliable industrial chain and supply chain", but at present, the domestic industrial chain is precisely "the underlying basic technology, basic technology capacity is insufficient", "the situation of the key core technology is controlled by people has not been fundamentally changed". Therefore, it is necessary to establish controllable, safe and efficient industrial and supply chains through the development of strategic emerging industries.

Seize the opportunities brought by the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation

Strategic emerging industries mainly come from the application of strategic technologies. At present, we should seize the opportunities brought by the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation to develop strategic technologies innovatively and drive the development of strategic emerging industries.

First, strategic technologies should be established and developed on the basis of grasping the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. Since the 21st century, the trend of technological development main show is a new generation of information technology, new energy, new materials and biotechnology and the depth of the fusion between them, which makes a blurring of the borders between industries, informatization and industrialization, large-scale integration and reorganization, the depth of the fusion and constantly promote the iteration of the new technology to update. The Outline has a thorough grasp of the evolutionary trends of the current round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, identified a series of strategic technologies that will have a major impact on economic and social development, and laid out the corresponding industrial development routes. On the one hand, focus on the new generation of information technology, biotechnology, new energy, new materials and their integrated products, such as high-end equipment, new energy vehicles, green environmental protection, aerospace, Marine equipment, etc., to lay out the new pillar of the industrial system; On the other hand, cutting-edge technologies in such fields as brain-like intelligence, quantum information, gene technology, future network, deep sea, air and space development, hydrogen energy and energy storage will be selected to incubate and accelerate a batch of future technologies and industries. In addition, special attention is paid to basic research and the source supply of strategic new technologies through original innovation. Xi jinping pointed out that general secretary "now, we ushered in the world a new round of technological revolution and industrial revolution with historic meeting period of transformation of the mode of development in our country, is facing a rare historical opportunity, also faced with severe challenges of the widening gap between", "the masses of workers to grasp the trend of science and technology in our country, first, face to face with problems, grasped the nettle, aimed at the world technological frontier, To lead the direction of scientific and technological development, shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by history, and be the pioneer of scientific and technological innovation in the new era.

We will continue to improve the national innovation system with Chinese characteristics

In general, basic research and strategic technology development cannot achieve economic benefits in a short time, and there is a huge risk of failure, so most scientific research institutions and enterprises lack the willingness to invest. However, once an original technology shows a good industrialization prospect, multiple competition groups will quickly form in the market, resulting in a large number of homogeneous and low-level repetitive projects, which disperse and waste people and money and seriously weaken the efficiency of research and development. To solve this problem, a corresponding national innovation system must be established to organize efficient basic research and industrialization projects.

The national innovation system with Chinese characteristics is mainly composed of the government, research institutions and universities, enterprises and relevant social organizations. It ADAPTS to the socialist market economy and conforms to the law of scientific and technological development. It emphasizes the overall and long-term planning of scientific and technological innovation, and can maximize the role of collaborative innovation. In establishing a national innovation system with Chinese characteristics, we should not only make enterprises the main players in innovation and give full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, but also give full play to the role of the government. First, we should pool the wisdom of all parties at the national level and formulate an overall plan that covers the whole industry and follows the law of technological and industrial evolution. Second, we will integrate and optimize resources for scientific and technological innovation, organize various r&d entities, basic science research centers and major platforms for scientific and technological innovation, and focus on cutting-edge areas to develop original and leading technologies. Third, it is particularly important to make overall plans to train and bring up more first-class strategic scientific and technological personnel, leading scientific and technological personnel and innovation teams, and organize them scientifically to tackle key technological problems.

Source: State-owned Assets And Administration Commission of The State Council