Building a new development pattern is a strategic choice to keep pace with The Times to improve China's economic development level, but also to shape China's new advantages in international economic cooperation and competition. The security and stability of industrial and supply chains is an important foundation for building a new development pattern.

In today's world, some developed countries are actively promoting the "reshoring" of manufacturing industry, and have deployed regional industrial chains centering on themselves. The COVID-19 pandemic has made multinational companies pay more attention to the diversification of industrial chains and supply chains, and maintaining their security has become the consensus of all countries in the world. Based on the domestic market, it is necessary to attach great importance to the safety of the industrial chain and earnestly maintain the safety and stability of the industrial chain and supply chain, whether to maintain the competitive advantage of China's manufacturing industry, achieve high-quality development of the manufacturing industry, further effectively smooth the circulation of the national economy and promote the mutual promotion of domestic and international double circulation.

Deeply understand the connotation of industrial chain security

Industrial chain security, as an important part of economic security, means that a country makes corresponding industrial policies according to its own will to promote the development of relevant industries and industrial chains. If this willingness and ability are challenged, it is because there is a problem with the security of the industrial chain. A deep understanding of the connotation of industrial chain security helps us to clarify the direction and focus of power generation.

First, maintaining a high level of technological innovation is the basic necessity of industrial chain safety. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces and the maintenance of a high level of industrial technological innovation in China are the key to upgrade the industrial chain. At present, as the internal and external situation has undergone profound and complex changes, it is increasingly important and urgent for China to realize self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. Overcoming the "bottleneck" problem of key core technologies as soon as possible has become an important part of ensuring the security and stability of China's industrial chain and supply chain. Relying on China's super-large market and complete industrial system, we need to cultivate unique advantages that facilitate rapid and large-scale application and iterative upgrading of new technologies, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productivity, and further upgrade the industrial chain and safeguard its security.

Second, keeping all links of the industrial chain unimpeded is an inherent requirement for industrial chain security. The industrial chain is linked, a link is blocked, upstream and downstream enterprises are unable to operate. For some time now, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a huge challenge to the smooth operation of the global industrial chain, and many countries have encountered bottlenecks in the industrial chain. Once the global industrial chain is interrupted and the production process of enterprises is interrupted, part of the industrial chain will suffer substantial damage.

Third, maintaining the stability and integrity of the domestic industrial chain is an important support for industrial chain security. China is the country with the most complete industrial categories in the United Nations industrial classification. China's complete industrial system and better industrial chain system provide good conditions for the construction of a new development pattern. In the face of complex and volatile domestic and international situations, it has become an important idea to maintain the stability and integrity of China's industrial chain and enhance the resilience and resilience of industrial chain development, focusing on retaining key links of the industrial chain, organically combining demand pulling with supply creation, and promoting the coordinated development of upstream, middle and downstream.

Fourth, maintaining the autonomy and control of key industrial chains is an important reflection of industrial chain security. Independent and controllable industrial chain refers to the ability to rely on the stable operation of domestic industrial chain and supply chain to provide corresponding products and services in the face of limited supply of external (mainly foreign) products, components and technologies. At present, countries all over the world emphasize the autonomy and control of key industrial chains. Some western developed countries encourage their enterprises to move production links back to strengthen the security and stability of key industries. China emphasizes the autonomy and control of key industrial chains, and should pay most attention to the key industries that will affect the safe operation of the national economy once restricted.

It should be noted that at present and for some time to come, the pace of global industrial chain reconstruction will continue to accelerate, and the international competition in the industrial chain will continue to intensify. It should be an important goal of the future development to achieve the safety of the industrial chain through participation in international competition and division of labor, and to continuously enhance the international competitiveness of China's industrial chain.

Scientific research and assessment of new trends in the adjustment of international industrial chains

We need to pay close attention to the new trends in the adjustment of the international industrial chain to further enhance its independent and controllable capability and strengthen its chain. Affected by multiple factors, the pattern and direction of the adjustment of the international industrial chain have shown new changes.

First, the international division of labor has changed from inter-industry division of labor to intra-product division of labor. The global industrial chain is undergoing structural changes, which is highlighted by the fact that the global value chain has become a new basis for building an international division of labor system. To be specific, the global trade pattern has changed from "trade in goods" to "trade in tasks". Multinational companies have arranged industrial chains and production factors globally, and each production link has been subdivided to the maximum extent. The value creation of an export product comes from a country at a different link in the production chain. When a country exports technology-intensive products, the country may only undertake the labor-intensive division of labor. In today's international division of labor in the form of global value chains, what links a country undertakes in the international division of labor is far more important than what products it sells. The global value chain governance is based on the decomposition of intra-product production links, forming a national or regional production network based on the division of product value chain. Intra-product division of labor has become an important mode of contemporary enterprise division of labor and product production.

Second, the impetus for the adjustment of the international industrial chain is influenced by multiple factors such as economy, security, politics and environmental protection. It is worth noting that in addition to economic (economic cost and efficiency, etc.) factors, the impetus for the adjustment of the international industrial chain comes from multiple factors. For example, in the pursuit of security, some industrial chains involve science and technology and strategic resources. Major developed economies have strengthened their scrutiny of foreign investment in sensitive core areas and set up more barriers. Due to the impact of COVID-19, some developed countries have promoted the "reshoring" of the medical industry chain for the sake of public safety. In the pursuit of environmental protection, some countries are vigorously promoting the development of green industrial chains such as clean energy, while the development of traditional fossil energy industries and other industrial chains has been restrained. Some multinational companies also actively promote the formation of green and low-carbon industrial and supply chains through the market mechanism of green procurement.

Third, the layout structure of the international industrial chain tends to be "domestic" and "regional". On the one hand, the international industry chain length is shorter, affected by the outbreak, with comparative advantage and economies of scale for the principle of the global industrial chain division of labor system towards to the industrial chain for the safety of vertically integrated layout, some countries for dispersing risk, strengthening the key security considerations, such as a strategic industry are rapidly promote industrial deployment of "return". On the other hand, the international industrial chain shows regional agglomeration. Some multinational companies give consideration to efficiency and security, and their international industrial chain is clustered in Europe, North America, East Asia, ASEAN and other regions.

The main idea of improving the independent and controllable ability of China's industrial chain

In the context of the current in-depth adjustment of the international industrial chain, how to effectively enhance the independent and controllable ability of China's industrial chain, better guarantee the safety and stability of the industrial chain, and thus lay a solid foundation for the construction of a new development pattern, is a subject that needs in-depth consideration. On the whole, we can follow the principles of laying a solid foundation, strengthening the main body, focusing on key areas, leading by domestic demand, strengthening the strong and reinforcing the weak, and adopting policies based on different categories. We can make solid progress in strengthening the chain, reinforcing the weak and strengthening the chain, and improve the independent controllability and safety of China's industrial chain.

Lay a solid foundation. It is necessary to accurately grasp and evaluate the status quo of the industrial chain's basic capabilities, sort out the weak links, technologies and products of the industrial foundation, and further implement the industrial foundation reconstruction project in the already advantageous fields. At the same time, we will strengthen the development of a basic research and development system for generic technologies, consolidate the industrial foundation, upgrade the industrial foundation and modernize the industrial chain.

Strengthen the main body. On the premise of giving full play to the government's leading role in ensuring security, helping those in need of a cushion, and strengthening the foundation, we will use reform to energize market players and increase their willingness and ability to take the initiative and respond to risks. To build a number of world-class enterprises with global competitiveness, form a number of "specialized and innovative" small giant enterprises and manufacturing single champion enterprises, and expand a number of ecological leading enterprises in the industrial chain.

Focus. We should focus on "long chain" industries with high correlation, such as traditional manufacturing and advanced manufacturing, and strive to form a benign mechanism in which key industries drive the coordinated development of upstream and downstream industries. We should foster competitive supporting industries for key industries by means of joint research, designated procurement and cross-shareholding. Based on the key regions, the corresponding supply chain network should be arranged in a planned and key way to reduce the external dependence of regional industrial development; With key enterprises as the leader, we should strengthen supply chain management and improve the autonomy and control of the whole industrial chain.

Domestic demand leads. We should focus on expanding domestic demand as the strategic basis, make production, distribution, distribution and consumption more dependent on the domestic market, improve the adaptation of the supply system to domestic demand, and form a dynamic balance of demand leading supply and supply creating demand at a higher level, thus providing market space for the development of the industrial chain of emerging technologies.

Work long and fill short. In the forging long plate, we should consolidate the advantage in the emerging industry field which is in the leading position in our country, and further expand the technological advantage. On strengthening weak links, we need to strengthen the supply chain, especially in areas with high risk of supply interruption, build necessary backup systems and diversified supply plans, and enhance the resilience of industrial and supply chains.

Categorization. According to China's industrial development situation, main board and the bottleneck of restricting factors, such as the international competition, the industrial chain of supply chain security and stability risks, assessment and monitoring implemented live the people's livelihood security line, will intensify protection of important strategic resources, focus on key core technology breakthrough, smooth circulation of supply and demand, increasing the stability of the industrial chain and international competitiveness.

Source: State-owned Assets And Administration Commission of The State Council